Failing to contact Carlson, they withdrew to the subs at dusk, as planned.Īt 13:30, 12 Japanese planes, including two flying boats, arrived over Makin. Major Kanemitsu, knocked out a machine gun and destroyed the enemy radios but suffered three dead and two wounded. Peatross's unit killed eight Japanese and the garrison commander Sgt. Peatross and his 12 men found themselves behind the Japanese, who were fighting the rest of the Raiders to the east. The Japanese then launched two banzai charges, which were wiped out by the Raiders, thus killing most of the Japanese on the island. Strong resistance from Japanese snipers and machine guns stalled the advance and inflicted casualties. Undaunted by the lack of support, Peatross led his men inland.Īt 07:00, with Company A leading, the Raiders advanced from the beach across the island to its north shore before attacking southwestward. Thus, Peatross and his men landed where they originally planned. In the confusion of the landing, they did not get word of Carlson's decision to change plans and to land all the Raiders on one beach. Oscar Peatross and a 12-man squad landed on Makin. Carlson decided to land all his men on one beach, rather than two beaches as originally planned. The landing had been very difficult because of rough seas, high surf, and the failure of many of the outboard motors. Evans Carlson, successfully landed on Makin. At 05:13, Companies A and B of the 2nd Raider Battalion, commanded by Lt. The Marine Raiders were launched in "Landing Craft Rubber Large" (LCRL) inflatable boats powered by small, 6 hp (4.5 kW) outboard motors shortly after 00:00 (midnight) on 17 August. Two civilian personnel were attached to the Japanese forces as interpreters and civilian administrators. In addition there were also four members of the seaplane tender base and three members of a meteorological unit.
At the time of the Makin raid the total force opposing the American landing consisted of 71 armed personnel of the Japanese seaplane base led by Warrant Officer ( Heisouchou) Kyuzaburo Kanemitsu of the Special Naval Landing Force equipped with light weapons. It was part of the Marshall Islands Garrison, and officially titled the 62nd Garrison Force. The Imperial Japanese Navy created the Makin Atoll Garrison in 1942. The raiding force was designated Task Group 7.15 (TG 7.15). Battalion headquarters, A Company and 18 men from B Company-totalling 121 troops-were embarked aboard the submarine Argonaut and the remainder of B Company-totalling 90 men-aboard Nautilus. Because of space limitations aboard ship, each company embarked without one of its rifle sections.
The force was drawn from the 2nd Raider Battalion and comprised a small battalion command group and two of the battalion's six rifle companies. The raid was among the earliest American offensive ground combat operations of World War II. Only the first of these objectives were achieved, but the raid did boost morale and provide a test for Raider tactics. The aim was to destroy Imperial Japanese installations, take prisoners, gain intelligence on the Gilbert Islands area, and divert Japanese attention and reinforcements from the Allied landings on Guadalcanal and Tulagi. The Raid on Makin Island (17–18 August 1942) was an attack by the United States Marine Corps Raiders on Japanese military forces on Makin Island (now known as Butaritari) in the Pacific Ocean.
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